How do directors film a conversation?

Throughout the clips provided, all clips use extremely similar techniques to film the conversations within them. The clips that I looked at were: Breaking Bad Coffee and Cigarettes Lord of the Rings
In Coffee and Cigarettes, there are different techniques which are used across all of the clips, but specifically in Coffee and Cigarettes, these techniques are used extremely well, especially considering that there weren't as many examples of these techniques used during the time period of film making that Coffee and Cigarettes was made in.

The first technique is the 180 degree rule. This means that the camera can only film on one 180 degree side of the characters or objects that are in focus. By using this technique, the clip constructs of balance between the two characters: Iggy Pop and Tom Waits, despite a lack of physically appearing opposition. To accompany the 180 degree rule, the director uses a very small amount of cameras. From using a small amount of cameras, the director constructs a sense of focus on only what is happening in-between Iggy Pop and Tom Waits. Sometimes, using too many cameras constructs a sense of idleness and distance from what is actually happening in the movie. Another feature of Coffee and Cigarettes that is well used is the "quirky" angle. The angle in particular is the high shot that looks directly down onto the table. The shot still follows the 180 degree but it doesn't construct the same feeling that the normal shots do. During the quirky shot, if focuses mainly on the coffee in the middle of the table, so it might be suggesting that the coffee is one of the main factors of the scene and maybe even the movie itself considering "coffee" is in the title of the movie.

In Breaking Bad, all of the same techniques are used from Coffee and Cigarettes. The 180 degree rule applies, the director uses a small amount of cameras and there is even a quirky shot. The only way in which there are different in terms of techniques is that Breaking Bad uses over the shoulder shots whereas Coffee and Cigarettes doesn't. By using over the shoulder shots, the director re-enforces a sense of opposition between the two characters. However in Coffee and Cigarettes there appears to be no or extremely low opposition.
Again with the Lord of the Rings clip, it uses the 180 degree rule and small amounts of cameras. Throughout all 3 clips, the techniques all construct the same sense on the audience. However, lie Breaking Bad, there is one technique which is only in the Lord of the Rings clip. The use of shot reverse shot. By using it in the lord of the rings, the director is able to establish the difference between the two different characters of Gollum.